使用 LangChain 构建 RAG 智能体

export LANGSMITH_TRACING="true"
export LANGSMITH_API_KEY="..."

import "cheerio";
import { CheerioWebBaseLoader } from "@langchain/community/document_loaders/web/cheerio";

const pTagSelector = "p";
const cheerioLoader = new CheerioWebBaseLoader(
  "https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/",
  {
    selector: pTagSelector,
  }
);

const docs = await cheerioLoader.load();

console.assert(docs.length === 1);
console.log(`Total characters: ${docs[0].pageContent.length}`);

Total characters: 22360

console.log(docs[0].pageContent.slice(0, 500));

Building agents with LLM (large language model) as its core controller is...

import { RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter } from "@langchain/textsplitters";

const splitter = new RecursiveCharacterTextSplitter({
  chunkSize: 1000,
  chunkOverlap: 200,
});
const allSplits = await splitter.splitDocuments(docs);
console.log(`Split blog post into ${allSplits.length} sub-documents.`);

Split blog post into 29 sub-documents.

await vectorStore.addDocuments(allSplits);

import * as z from "zod";
import { tool } from "@langchain/core/tools";

const retrieveSchema = z.object({ query: z.string() });

const retrieve = tool(
  async ({ query }) => {
    const retrievedDocs = await vectorStore.similaritySearch(query, 2);
    const serialized = retrievedDocs
      .map(
        (doc) => `Source: ${doc.metadata.source}\nContent: ${doc.pageContent}`
      )
      .join("\n");
    return [serialized, retrievedDocs];
  },
  {
    name: "retrieve",
    description: "Retrieve information related to a query.",
    schema: retrieveSchema,
    responseFormat: "content_and_artifact",
  }
);

import { createAgent } from "langchain";

const tools = [retrieve];
const systemPrompt = new SystemMessage(
    "You have access to a tool that retrieves context from a blog post. " +
    "Use the tool to help answer user queries."
)

const agent = createAgent({ model: "openai:gpt-5", tools, systemPrompt });

let inputMessage = `What is the standard method for Task Decomposition?
Once you get the answer, look up common extensions of that method.`;

let agentInputs = { messages: [{ role: "user", content: inputMessage }] };

const stream = await agent.stream(agentInputs, {
  streamMode: "values",
});
for await (const step of stream) {
  const lastMessage = step.messages[step.messages.length - 1];
  console.log(`[${lastMessage.role}]: ${lastMessage.content}`);
  console.log("-----\n");
}

[human]: What is the standard method for Task Decomposition?
Once you get the answer, look up common extensions of that method.
-----

[ai]:
Tools:
- retrieve({"query":"standard method for Task Decomposition"})
-----

[tool]: Source: https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/
Content: hard tasks into smaller and simpler steps...
Source: https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/
Content: System message:Think step by step and reason yourself...
-----

[ai]:
Tools:
- retrieve({"query":"common extensions of Task Decomposition method"})
-----

[tool]: Source: https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/
Content: hard tasks into smaller and simpler steps...
Source: https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2023-06-23-agent/
Content: be provided by other developers (as in Plugins) or self-defined...
-----

[ai]: ### Standard Method for Task Decomposition

The standard method for task decomposition involves...
-----

import { createAgent, dynamicSystemPromptMiddleware } from "langchain";
import { SystemMessage } from "@langchain/core/messages";

const agent = createAgent({
  model,
  tools: [],
  middleware: [
    dynamicSystemPromptMiddleware(async (state) => {
        const lastQuery = state.messages[state.messages.length - 1].content;

        const retrievedDocs = await vectorStore.similaritySearch(lastQuery, 2);

        const docsContent = retrievedDocs
        .map((doc) => doc.pageContent)
        .join("\n\n");

        // Build system message
        const systemMessage = new SystemMessage(
        `You are a helpful assistant. Use the following context in your response:\n\n${docsContent}`
        );

        // Return system + existing messages
        return [systemMessage, ...state.messages];
    })
  ]
});

let inputMessage = `What is Task Decomposition?`;

let chainInputs = { messages: [{ role: "user", content": inputMessage }] };

const stream = await agent.stream(chainInputs, {
  streamMode: "values",
})
for await (const step of stream) {
  const lastMessage = step.messages[step.messages.length - 1];
  prettyPrint(lastMessage);
  console.log("-----\n");
}